A large shunt may be accompanied by a diastolic flow murmur and a S3 sound, due to torrential flow across the mitral valve. The S2 is widely split due to early aortic valve closure. On ECHO, signal drop-out is...
tight coarctation of aorta or a patent ductus arteriosus with pulmonary hypertension can also produce a pansystolic murmur but these murmurs are usually located at the upper left sternal edge. 全收缩期杂音的典型原因是二尖瓣反流、室间隔缺损和三尖瓣反流。有...
There was a pansystolic murmur over the middle of the left sternal border with a S3 sound in early diastole. The murmur did not radiate towards the axilla. There was no parasternal heave and the lower border of the liver was not palpable. The lung fields were clear. 左胸骨边缘中部有全...
vsds are classified on the basis of the anatomical location of the defect. patients may be asymptomatic with smaller defects, whereas larger defects can present with respiratory or heart failure during infancy or childhood. a common clinical sign is a holosystolic murmur audible at the left sterna...